Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Project management - Essay Example According to Quinn a company should first of all define and map the various types of development projects. The management in Musimax will have to invest in the commercial and research development projects. So the management will have to put in place cost reduced versions of the existing products. The management will also have to set aside funds for research so as to create the know-how and know-why of new technologies and materials that will eventually lead into development of these products (Quinn, 1985). Q2) .If the management actually want to cut costs by 40% in the next two months it should focus on the following solutions which will be beneficial. According to Macgregor and Carlisle, the management should stop making all the operating decisions for themselves. Instead the management should hold weekly meetings with its subordinates and be informed of what they are doing and how they are dealing with arising issues. Using the above it will be easier to appraise their managerial and technical abilities. Actually this will make them know how to solve problems on their own and it will help save time and thus the company will generate more income probably in less than two months. The other project that the management should focus on in order to cut down costs is always train their employees and making the workplace a learning environment. According to Macgregor when employees are well equipped with knowledge then they will be able to solve problems quickly and thus avoid wastage of ti me. They will also be willing to assist other employees when there arises a problem since this will eventually be beneficial to them. It will help a lot especially when there are vacancies they will be the appropriate candidates to fill the gap instead of wasting money looking for new staff. If the management promotes it own existing staff to fill certain vacancies then it will save a lot on advertisement costs and all the costs required in employment of

The Wizard of Oz as a Fairy Tale Essay Example for Free

The Wizard of Oz as a Fairy Tale Essay For hundreds of years, parents have been enthralling children with stories of magic and wishes coming true. Fairy tales are passed from one generation to the next through oral tradition, and, in modern times, books. As various societies develop, fairy tales are changed to fit the needs and morals those societies want to impress upon their children. Thus, the style and content of a fairy tale is directly affected by the social attitudes of a particular society at a particular time. Jack Zipes adopts and assumes the magical folktale is the oral version and the fairytale the literary version of a tale when he describes the rise of â€Å"the fairytale in the Western world as the mass-mediated cultural form of the folktale† (Zipes 15). Fairy tales include common themes, motifs, story lines, and characters that aid in the protagonist’s working towards a common goal. In the first chapter of his book, Swiss scholar Max Luthi identifies fourteen characteristics that are vital to the unique classification of a fairy tales as demarcated from other forms of children’s literture. With the help of these distinctive structural and stylistic features, Frank L. Baum’s novel, â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† can be classified within the boundaries of the fairy tale. â€Å"The Wizard of Oz,† like so many fairy tales, naturally has cultural, social, and political undertones interwoven within the text. Virtually all of Baum’s characters and magical land pertain to specific cultural or socio-political event of the time. Contemporary social issues are unconsciously rolled into the fabric of the story like: the yellow brick road and the silver slippers that both symbolize the influence of the gold and silver debate prominent in Baum’s time. Baum lifts phrases almost directly from Grimm. In â€Å"The Wizard of Oz†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"she wished the girl to remain with her to do the cooking and cleaning† (Baum 27) is similar to the witches request if Gretel in â€Å"Hansel and Gretel† when she says, â€Å"I want you to fetch some water and cook your brother something nice† (Grimm 53). Dorothy also states to the Scarecrow, â€Å"If you come with me Ill ask Oz to do all he can for you†(Baum 22). Which is reminiscent to the donkey’s words in the Grimms’ â€Å"The Bremen Town Musicians† (Grimm 96)†¦The basic plot of this tale is similar to â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† in that a group of helpers accompany a hero and use their specific skills to achieve a quest. Baum does not forget to include several classic airytale motifs: seven league boots are replaced with silver slippers that take the wearer any place his or her hearts desires and the classic object used three times to summon a helper is represented by the golden cap that is used to call upon the winged monkeys three times. The motifs appearance in this story demonstrates how often similar motifs are re-used in an altered states across various types of literature. The witch threatens the heroes with forty bees, forty wolves and forty crows. Though forty may not be the most commo n number used to highlight the unique fairy tale repetition of numbers, this number of course holds meaning. In the Bible there were forty days of flood, forty days of fasting and forty days of wandering. In fact the very nature of â€Å"The Wizard of Oz’s† medium, the novel, increase the differentiation between it and fairy tales. Oz is too long a work for it to be easily recognizable as a fairy tale. Most tales do not describe locations, physical features, or emotional states. Heroes are rarely afraid of foreign creatures, they just kill them or die trying, it is simply a part of their nature as heros. Luthi (Visual Aspect non-deliniation of character p. 25) Within the first few pages Baum informs the reader of the what Dorothy is wearing, a checked gingham dress, and that she â€Å"cries sorrowfully when the wizard wont see her† (Baum 60). The story’s descriptive passages concerning the physical environment mainly relate to the colors that are present (what is visible), especially in the description of the forest †¦ Psychoanalysis has classified and links fairy tales to childhood sexuality. They serve a psychological function by representing to children their subconscious sexual urges and conflicts. Bruno Bettelheim uses his â€Å"The Uses of Enchantment† to discuss the manifestation of these drives in fairytales and how children use such literature to reconcile internal struggles they may be having. The Wizard of Oz provides internal resolution in preparation for something greater—sex. Sex, is of course skirted around rather than confronted head on. For example in chapter eight of the novel, â€Å"The deadly poppy field† sleep is used as a substitute for death. Dorothy never has to experience any real death, but wakes up surrounded by dead wolves she is only mildly frightened for a moment until the woodsman explains their presence euphemistically as being not dead, but â€Å"shaggy. † Oz approaches the deep levels of meaning discussed by Bettelheim and falls into the Freudian romance, like â€Å"Cinderella† who escapes her psychologically unsatisfactory step family to achieve a better life. Dorothy, though she returns to her home in Kansa, manages to move towards maturity and self-realization. As Dorothy realizes the power of the magic slippers and the other characters find what they were looking for but had all along, the reader gets the message that what we need for â€Å"wholeness† is within, not without. Different from the psychological approach of Bettelheim, Max Luthi worked to identify what makes a fairy tale a fairy tale. So although characters may seemingly act without logic, reason, or emotion and one incident may not connect with what occurs immediately before or after it, there is a rationale that permeates every tale. Dorothy is to some degree disconnected from reality. Aunt Em and Uncle Joe are rarely happy because reality has soured them but Dorothy who is not fully integrated with reality is able to go on a quest to discover her own happiness (Luthi: Supernatural #8 p25). Dorothy, as the heroine, is in tune with the underlying fairytale theme of†¦ (Luthi p25, 34 #5, 14). Dorothy seems to be unknowingly blessed. She is mistakenly revered as a sorceress; â€Å"The silver shoes fitted her as if they had been made for her† and she accidentally kills not one, but two wicked witches. The outward sign of her charm is the mark of the good witchs kiss. In some fairytales there is a similar physical indicator, it could be freckles, red headedness, extreme ugliness or a tuft of hair. Separate but related to chance is magic. What distinguishes the fairytale from other folk literature is the prescience of magic. What is fundamental is the existence of magic and the otherworldly. Often there is a stated crossing from the mundane to a magical realm. Once in the magical realm Baum utilizes stock motifs like talking animals, witches, wizards, the Simpleton figure, caps that can summon powerful creatures three times and shows that can travel infinite distances in a few strides. Help is the central motif of the folktale, it propels the narrative and defines the hero. In the folktale the hero would not achieve his objective without help, in particular the help of otherworld beings. And this support is lavished on him. Dorothy never asks for or thinks about magic gifts but when she needs them they are granted. Gifts are given to Dorothy without entreaty and do come into play when needed but, especially in the case of the slippers, she has to work for the privilege. Dorothy shows no extraordinary strength of character yet she is given the silver shoes and fatefully obtains the golden cap. Though one would assume the nature of the heroine determines her success and reflects her good character her quest is often solely for personal gain. Dorothy and her friends want whats best for them and by following their own course they inadvertently rescue other people without intending to do so. This in turn paves the way to their ultimate goal. The happy ending, as Bettelheim reiterates, is what makes the fairy tale stand out as childrens literature. Because fairy tales provide resolution and reassurance children can easily relate and learn from the tales (Bettelheim, 10). Dorothys goal is achieved not in Oz, because Oz is not the right place for her, but instead back at home where she can apply what she has gained to get her â€Å"happily ever after†. â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† corresponds to a large number of fairy tale characteristics, but it undoubtedly does not fit quite perfectly into the exact fairy tale mold. It doesnt fit entirely, partly because its just too big. The nature of its form, the novel, demands a greater level of descriptive information and plot explication, both which lead away from the traditional fairytales.

Night by Elie Wiesel | Book Analysis

Night by Elie Wiesel | Book Analysis 1. In the book, the narrators mentioning of the Exile of Providence and the destruction of the Temple at the beginning of the story foreshadows the events in this section of Night by showing the strong religious ties of the story to God and indicates the removing of the Jews from their homeland. The author was leaving small subtle hints that Jews were beginning to be deported to concentration camps. But the Exile of Providence and the destruction of the Temple both have very religious meanings, foreshadowing the themes and importance of God and religion faith that take place in the story. The Exile of Providence is a condition in some Jewish belief systems that humans will be delivered from evil and returned to Gods care. In the beginning of the book, Elie says that at night, he goes to weep over the destruction of the temple, which is a part of mourning in the Judaism belief. The Exile of Providence and the destruction of the Temple foreshadowed that Elie Wiesel had a very strong be lief in God and had a great interest in Judaism. But it also showed that God would play a very important role in Elies life. As Elies experiences of the holocaust progressed, Elie begins to question God, show signs of doubt, and lose faith in God. God and religion would also be the hope for prisoners in the concentration camps, helping them endure the suffering. 2. Using eyes to describe a person, at the beginning of the book, Elie describes how he likes Moishe the Beadles wide, dreamy eyes that gaze off into the distance. These eyes show that Moishe the Beadle has great wisdom, hope, and is a very great being. He seems to be a very humble and modest man. His eyes might also suggest his strong belief in God and hope to get past the holocaust, pain, death, and suffering. But in contrast, when Moishe De Beadle returns from his horrible experience and his witnessing of death and the killing of infants, his eyes are empty and hollow. His eyes no longer show joy, dreaminess, and the hope. Moishe De Beadle no longer even mentions God. His eyes show that he is overwhelmed by fear and horror and that he might have lost all hope. 3. The reason I think Elie Wiesel decided to wait a decade before attempting to express his experience in words was because that he was too afraid to speak out at the time. But I believe that even if Elie Wiesel tried to speak out, his voice would have been silenced along with millions of others. To this day, voices such as Elie Wiesel and Anne Frank are some of the not-so-many and preserved voices we can hear. Even if Elie tried to speak out, there would be no one to listen to him. He could have been killed, beaten, and hurt in the concentration camps just for expressing his thoughts. But I still believe that what he did was wrong. The silence and the victimà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s lack of resistance of what was happening was what allowed the holocaust to continue. Even it meant being killed or beaten, Elie should have tried loudly and boldly to speak of the horrors of the holocaust. It would be a very hard thing to do but it was the right thing to do. Elie had been controlled by fear and kept silent until the incident was all over. Unable to go back, Elie now speaks out. After his experience in the holocaust, Elie Wiesel lived on and spoke about it so that people could learn from the past to prevent history to repeat itself. He speaks of his memories and experiences so that the world can learn from its past mistakes. 4. Two examples of the theme, emotional death in the story is the way Mrs. Schachter behaves when her husband and two older sons were deported and when Moishe De Beadle escapes from the Galician forest, witnessing the deaths of many. Emotional death can easily allow the reader to understand how terrible the holocaust was and its horrors. Mrs. Schachter had lost her mind, crying and screaming hysterically. Moishe De Beadles eyes had become hollow and he had lost the will to live. Both were not dead yet but something inside them had died and they have lost hope of themselves. Two examples of the theme, self preservation vs. family commitment are Part 2 1. The prisoners recitation of the Kaddish prayer as they walk through Auschwitz conveys the theme of struggle to maintain faith by showing that the prisoners are beginning to realize the cruelty and evil of the holocaust. Recitation of the prayer may bring comfort for those who still believe in God. But the prisoners begin to doubt their faith. They wonder if God notices their pain or even cares. Reciting the prayer allows the prisoners to realize that the pain, suffering, and death has yet to be prevented by God. 2. The motif of night is used to explain Eliezers experiences in the camp because Elie Wiesels life could be easily compared to nighttime. At night, it is dark and frightening, just like Wiesels experiences in the camp. At night, there is no sunshine, no light. There is only darkness, just like the way life passed on for Elie Wiesel in those concentration camps. Elie Wiesel explained how he had lost track of time. Nighttime would come every day and the Jews would be afraid if they would live to go through the night and what would happen to them in the next hour. 3. A work of literature that I know that conveys a theme found in Night is a book I read called, The Hunger Games. It is a book about a teenage girl who is thrown into a game where she has to fight to the death against dozens of other teenagers, a show for the whole nation to watch. They both have themes of survival, self preservation, humanity, and hope. In Night, Elie Wiesel witnessed people fighting and beating one another over crumbs of bread and Jews beating and fighting each other for food. In the Hunger Games, contestants have to fight and kill each other until only one remains standing. Both books show the characters struggle against if they should go against humanity in order to save their own lives. Both books show how humans can be some cruel. Part 3 1. The statement, à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Man raises himself towards God by the questions he asks Him.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Demonstrates the narratorà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s struggle with faith of Rosh Hashanah by showing that Eliezer doubts Godà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s justice and power, seeing that God does nothing to relieve the suffering in the Holocaust. On Rosh Hashanah, Elie refuses to pray, for he feels that God either does not care or cannot do anything about the horrors of the holocaust. Elie also begins to think that man is very strong, even greater than god. This behavior is entirely in contrast to Elieà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s past interest in his Judaism faith. Elie has witnessed so much torture and death that he beings to question God. 2. An example of the theme, self preservation vs. family commitment, is when Mier, a boy killed his father on a train for a small piece of bread. He then found out that his father had saved a piece for him. Mier had lost sight of what was important of him and only cared about saving himself, killing his own father for food. He had become a person without a sense of humanity. An example of the theme, emotional death, is how Elie feels after his fatherà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s death. Nothing matters to him anymore since his fatherà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s death. Elie no longer thinks of anything but the desire to eat. He lives on, but really, he is no longer himself. His fatherà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s death gives him great guilt and depression. He had ignored his fatherà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s call when he was dying and thirsty, guilty how he had felt his father as a burden. He realized that he had lost what he had loved most. An example of the theme, struggling to maintain faith, is the day of Rosh Hashanah where Elie Wiesel is full of anger towards God, refusing to pray for he blames that God has been cruel and uncaring, allowing the suffering and pain to continue. An example of the theme, dignity in the face of inhuman cruelty, is when Juliek was surrounded by hundreds of dead and dying bodies, yet he still played his violin, something he loved. An SS officer had not allowed Juliek to play what he had wanted, Beethoven. The day of his death, although not allowed, he played Beethoven, showing his dignity. 3. Elie Wiesel struggles to live, but also having to care for his father where survival is unbearably difficult. Elie did love his father but to continuously help and care for his father made it harder for him to ensure his own survival. He tried his best not to lose sight of what was important to him, family. But in the end, Elies self preservation behavior took over his commitment to his father. Elie was afraid to get another blow to the head by the officer and ignored his father who was desperately calling out his name, thirsty and dying. With the death of his father, Elie felt that he was finally free at last, seeing his father as nothing but a burden. He feels that his father is better off dead than having to suffer. 4. Based on what I know about history and what Wiesel writes in à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Nightà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ about human nature is that we are all scared and frightened beings. We can be so selfish, greedy, and we desire so many things because we are human. Humans are so imperfect by nature. Humans have also done the most evil things possible, to such an extent that humans would kill one another. But I think by nature, humans are individual social beings. All humans have lied, been greedy, and have been frightened but humans are able to learn from their past mistakes. Compared to the times of the holocaust, human behavior has gradually improved. 4. I think it was an effective way how Wiesel devoted only a few lines to the events after his liberation. After his liberation, Elie wrote little but what he wrote had very great meanings. He wrote how when he looked into the mirror, a corpse was looking back at him. Elie Wiesel could never forget the look in his eyes as they gazed back at him. This short phrase made me, the reader, have to analyze and comprehend what I had just read. The words spoke for themselves, showing Elieà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s great pain and sadness. I thought the ending was just enough to describe Elie Wieselà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s feelings. Something else that Wiesel might have done was explain how

Assistive Technology Essay -- Teaching Education

Assistive Technology IDEA defines an assistive technology device as: â€Å"...any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.† This is a broad definition and includes a range of devices from low technology to high technology, including computers as well as software. Under IDEA the legal definition of assistive technology services is: â€Å"...any service that directly assists an individual with a disability in the selection, acquisition, or use of an assistive technology device. Specifically, assistive technology services include: the evaluation of the needs of an individual with a disability; the purchasing of assistive technology devices; selecting, customizing, adapting, applying, maintaining, or replacing of assistive technology services; using therapies, interventions, or services with assistive technology devices; training or technical assistance for an individual with disabilities, and/or the family of an individual with disabilities; and training or technical assistance for those who provide services to, employ, or those who are involved in the major life functions of individuals with disabilities. Assistive Technology is a type of technology that allows for more independent, productive and enjoyable living. These technologies can be simple or complex. Something as simple as Velcro can al...

King Richard Iii and Looking for Richard Essay Plan

ESSAY PLAN!!!!!!!!! Intro * Both Shakespeare’s Richard III and Al Pacino’s Looking for Richard both portray central values and ideas of the time. * The texts ideas are reflected by the context of the time. * Both texts written in different time periods meaning completely different contexts which shape the text. * Through Pacino’s hybrid style docudrama, he attempts to demystify Shakespeare’s Richard III, making it more accessible to the everyday person. Shakespeare shows the journey in Richard III of Richard himself on his dark quest to becoming king by both using his literary skills and performance to attain what he wants, ultimately being power. * Both texts use propaganda but whereas Shakespeare alludes to the Tudor Myth which is ingratiating himself to his patrons. Whereas Pacino is being more provocative. He is challenging the authority that the British literary world has over Shakespeare. * Both texts also use performance to connect ideas between the two Para 1- Richard III * Context – War of the Roses – now that his house has won the battle.He wants to be king – Tudor Myth – had to ingratiate to the Tudor house and uphold their reign. This too is one of Pacino’s main challenges as he is expressing an egalitarian society where all people and their views are equal as he speaks to various people on the street. However Shakespeare had to ingratiate his monarch, the Tudor House and ensure Tudor patronage. * Throughout the entire play, Shakespeare depicts Richard as a monstrous Machiavellian. Who Nicollo Machiavelli described in his book which was written in Shakespeare’s time is when a person may use craft or deceit in order to maintain or achieve power.Shakespeare presents Richard in this way as he was from the House York which is what the Tudors opposed when they first came to power. * Opening soliloquy – See Richards true character and his intentions in the play. Recognises himsel f in the play, â€Å"I am determined to prove a villain. † Metafiction shown. Richard feels that he needs to get into power to make up for him being â€Å"rudely stamped,† and â€Å"Cheated of feature by dissembling nature. † * Shakespeare exaggerates and devalues Richard in this manner to perpetuate the Tudor myth whilst demonising Richard, which institutes the Tudor reign as one of providence and divine sanctioning.Para 2 – looking for Richard * CHALLENGES – Pacino isn’t challenging the actual information and ideas expressed in Richard III. But rather he is challenging the British literary world, and their belief that they hold all the knowledge to Shakespeare’s plays. He does this constantly throughout the entire film, showing scenes of British scholars where he has put them on the spot making them seem as if they don’t know anything. A great example of this is when he is interviewing Emrys Jones, a well-known Shakespeare ac ademic and he is asked a question to which he responds, â€Å"I don’t really know the answer. Straight away the scene is cut and immediately followed by a different scene of Pacino explaining exactly what the British scholar couldn’t. The constant use of cutting and framing different scene helps Pacino not only challenge the British literary world by giving them the message that he and numerous other Americans which he interviewed on the streets hold knowledge about Shakespeare. But also, the fact that he can make it into a film as well proves that they are wrong that the actor holds the power to. â€Å"You want to do it wiz your American accent? Shows jarring which stirs the audience’s image that Pacino can produce a successful version of the play. Pacino challenges not only this question, but the actual theory that Shakespeare put forward * REFLECTS – I do believe however that in this aspect of Looking for Richard, Pacino challenges the ideas more. In one scene of the play Pacino and Kimball travel to England and visit the house which Shakespeare grew up in, in hope that they would achieve some sort of epiphany of knowledge about the plays. Linking back to the point that the British believe they ‘own’ the knowledge on Shakespeare.However they find that they did not feel any epiphany or difference at all, proving again that the British do not hold all the power and knowledge over Shakespeare and his plays and that actors like himself can possibly hold more knowledge that the academics and scholars. Para 3 – Richard III – performance * Lady Anne scene – Richard turns from the monstrous Machiavellian character we see throughout most of the play, into a romantic wooer. He uses rhetorical language such as pathos to connect with her emotions which assists him in essentially ‘capturing’ Lady Anne.The fact that Richard had just killed her husband King Edward, with her still being with his c offin just makes Richard seem even more powerful as he still manages to pull Lady Anne into marrying him. Although in this scene Lady Anne proves to hold the knowledge of language too as there is constant stichomythia between the two characters through most of the scene but the line which best shows this is when Richard says â€Å"Bid me kill myself. I will do it. † And Lady Anne responds with â€Å"I have already. † Showing that she can be quite witty too, but not enough for Richard. Pacino shows his power of being director by taking out a lot of the stichomythia between Richard and Lady Anne which removes some of her agency, that causing Richard to seem more powerful, convincing and in control. Para 4 – Looking for Richard – performance * CHALLENGES – Penelope Allen shows the power of both the actor and method acting. It challenges the fact that women had no dominant role in society, whereas in this scene of Looking for Richard, we see her using method acting to get into character in rehearsal and raise her voice over all the other men and women in the room when she says, â€Å"If he were dead, what would betide on me? Pacino provides the point here that using performance to change into character, can allow women to be completely dominant over men in a modern society. * REFLECTS – Both Pacino and Shakespeare’s Richard both change character to essentially get what they want. Richard, wanting power to be king. Pacino wanting power over his film. Pacino, the star actor and also director of his own film, changes character various times throughout the film.One of the key scenes depicting his want for power is when he is being the actor and discussing a few lines in the play with his assistant director, Kimball and Pacino decides to completely change the script. â€Å"G of Edwards heirs the murderer shall be. † Is what the line usually says. But Pacino changes it to, â€Å"C of Edwards heirs the murderer sh all be. † This gives Pacino the power as he now has control over both the film and its script. He changes this as he believes it will be easier for people to understand and ultimately once again make the play more ‘accessible’ for the audience.

Brayton Cycle Lab Report Essay Example

Brayton Cycle Lab Report Essay Example Brayton Cycle Lab Report Paper Brayton Cycle Lab Report Paper In this one hour course, the open, simple Brannon Cycle used for stationary rower generation is considered providing thrust instead of power output. In order to keep the scope of the thrust analysis simple, the working fluid exiting gas turbine expands to the atmospheric conditions final working fluid exit pressure is equal to the ambient pressure. The Brannon Cycle thermal efficiency is presented only for the air as the working fluid. The thermal efficiency derivation is presented with a simple mathematical approach. The Brannon Cycle is presented in a T s diagram and its major performance trends (specific propulsion output and propulsion output) are looted in a few figures as a function of compression ratio, gas turbine inlet temperature and working fluid mass flow rate. It should be noted that this online course does not deal with costs (capital, operational or maintenance). In this course, the student gets familiar with the Brannon Cycle, its components, T s diagram, operation and major performance trends. This course includes a multiple choice quiz at the end. Brannon Cycle (Gas Turbine) for Propulsion Application Analysis Performance Objectives At the conclusion of this course, the student will: Understand basic energy conversion engineering assumptions and equations Know basic components of the Brannon Cycle (Gas Turbine) and its T s diagram Be familiar with the Brannon Cycle operation Understand general Brannon Cycle performance trends Brannon Cycle (Gas Turbine) for Propulsion Application Analysis Introduction Over the years, gas turbine has become the premier propulsion generation system. Gas turbines are compact, lightweight, easy to operate and come in sizes ranging from several hundred kilowatts to hundreds of megawatts. Gas turbines require relatively low capital investment, have high operating flexibility, high thermal efficiency and can be used for various industrial applications. Gas reburies can help provide reliable propulsion to meet the future demand using both high and low heat content fuels, with low emissions. Table of Contents Brannon Cycle (Gas Turbine) for Propulsion Application 2 Analysis Assumptions. .. 9 Governing Equations 10 Input Data . 10 Results 11 Conclusions.. 12 Brannon Cycle (Gas Turbine) for Propulsion Application This section provides a Brannon Cycle analysis when the working fluid is air. In the presented Brannon Cycle analysis, only air is considered as the working fluid behaving as a perfect gas specific heat has a constant value. Ideal gas state equation is valid pa = ART. A gas turbine is a heat engine that uses a high temperatur e, high pressure gas as the working fluid. Combustion of a fuel in air is usually used to produce the needed temperatures and pressures in the gas turbine, which is why gas turbines are often referred to as combustion turbines. Expansion of the high temperature, high pressure working fluid takes place in the gas turbine. The gas turbine shaft rotation drives an electric generator and a compressor for the working fluid, air, used in the gas turbine combustion. Many gas turbines also use a heat exchanger called a recuperate to impart urbane exhaust heat into the combustions air/fuel mixture. Gas turbines produce high quality heat that can be used to generate steam for combined heat and power and combined-cycle applications, significantly enhancing efficiency. Air is compressed, concentrically, along line 1-2 by a compressor and it enters a combustion. At a constant pressure, combustion takes place (fuel is added to the combustion and the air temperature raises) and/or heat gets added to air. High temperature air exits the combustion at point 3. Then air enters a gas turbine where an isentropic expansion occurs, producing power. Air exits the gas turbine at point 4. It should be mentioned that air at point 1 enters the compressor and the cycle is repeated. Figure 1 presents a Brannon Cycle schematic layout. Figure 1 Brannon Cycle Schematic Layout Figure 2 presents a Brannon Cycle temperature vs.. Entropy diagram. Figure 2 Brannon Cycle Temperature vs.. Entropy Diagram In order to keep the scope of thrust analysis simple, air exiting turbine expands to the atmospheric conditions exit pressure is equal to the ambient pressure (Pl = pa). It should be pointed out that this material deals with the open Brannon Cycle.